How are the following conversions brought about? Give equations and conditions:
(i) Sulphur trioxide to sulphuric acid.
(ii) Sulphur trioxide to oleum.
(iii) Dilute sulphuric acid to hydrogen.
(iv) Aqueous barium chloride to barium sulphate.
(v) Aqueous lead nitrate to lead sulphate.
(vi) Sodium chloride to hydrogen chloride.
(vii) Sucrose to sugar charcoal.
(viii) Oxalic acid to carbon monoxide.

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Solution

(i) Sulphur trioxide to sulphuric acid:

SO₃ + H₂O → H₂SO₄

(ii) Sulphur trioxide to oleum:

SO₃+ H₂SO₄ → H₂S₂O₇
(98%)

(iii) Dilute sulphuric acid to hydrogen:

M + H₂SO₄ → MSO₄ + H₂

(iv) Aqueous barium chloride to barium sulphate:

BaCl₂+ dilute H₂SO₄ → BaSO₄↓ + 2HCl

(v) Aqueous lead nitrate to lead sulphate:

Pb(NO₃)₂+ dilute H₂SO₄ → PbSO₄↓ + 2HNO₃

(vi) Sodium chloride to hydrogen chloride:
$NaCl + {conc.H}_{2} S O_{4} \overset{{<200}^{0} C}{\to} {NaHSO}_{4} + HCl$

(vii) Sucrose to sugar charcoal:

C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ $\overset{Conc . H_{2} {SO}_{4}}{\to}$ 12C + 11H₂O

(viii) Oxalic acid to carbon monoxide:

C₂H₂O₄ $\overset{Conc . H_{2} {SO}_{4}}{\to}$ H₂O + CO + CO₂

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Similar questions

Q. State your observations when:
(i) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to lead nitrate solution and the mixture is heated.
(ii) Barium chloride solution is mixed with sodium sulphate solution.
(iii) Concentrated sulphuric acid is added to sugar crystals.
(iv) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to copper carbonate.
(v) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to sodium thiosulphate.

Give reasons for the following:
(i) In the contact process, sulphur trioxide formed is dissolved in 98% sulphuric acid and not in water.
(ii) When solution of sulphur dioxide is exposed to air, it gets converted to sulphuric acid.
(iii) When diluting concentrated sulphuric acid, the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid.
(iv) When concentrated sulphuric acid is exposed to air, its volume increases and it becomes slightly dilute.
(v) Sulphuric acid can form two kinds of salts with sodium chloride.
(vi) When barium chloride is added to dilute sulphuric acid, a white precipitate is formed.
(vii) When carbon is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid, carbon dioxide is formed.
(viii) Ammonia gas cannot be dried by passing through concentrated sulphuric acid.
(ix) When concentrated sulphuric acid is added to sugar/glucose, a black mass is left behind.
(x) Concentrated sulphuric acid should not be added to oxalic acid or formic acid in the open laboratory.
(xi) When concentrated sulphuric acid is added to blue crystalline copper sulphate, it turns powdery white.
(xii) Concentrated sulphuric acid must be stored in airtight bottles.
(xiii) Cotton clothes get burnt with concentrated sulphuric acid.
(xiv) H₂SO₄ cannot be prepared by heating sodium sulphate with conc. HCl or HNO₃.

What would you observe in the following cases?
(i) Sulphur trioxide is dissolved in water on a large scale.
(ii) Concentrated sulphuric acid is added to equal volumes of cold water.
(iii) 100 ml of 98% sulphuric acid is kept open.
(iv) Hot concentrated sulphuric acid is added to sodium chloride crystals.
(v) Dilute sulphuric acid is added to ferrous sulphate solution.

What do you observe when

(a) dilute sulphuric acid is added to granulated zinc ?

(b) a few pieces of iron are dropped in a blute solution of sodium chloride ?

(d) ferrous sulphate solution is added to an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.

(e) solid lead nitrate is heated ?

(f) when dilute sulphuric acid is added to barium chloride solution ?

Write the balanced chemical equations of the following reactions.

(a) Sodium hydroxide + sulphuric acid $\to$ sodium sulphate + water

(b) Potassium bicarbonate + sulphuric acid $\to$ potassium sulphate + carbon dioxide + water

(d) Chlorine + sulphur dioxide + water $\to$ sulphuric acid + hydrogen chloride

(e) Silver nitrate $\to$ silver + nitrogen dioxide + oxygen

(f) Copper + nitric acid $\to$ copper nitrate + nitric oxide + water

(g) Ammonia + oxygen $\to$ nitric oxide + water

(h) Barium chloride + sulphuric acid $\to$ barium sulphate + hydrochloric acid

(i) Zinc sulphide + oxygen $\to$ zinc oxide + sulphur dioxide

(j) Aluminium carbide + water $\to$ aluminium hydroxide + methane

(k) Iron pyrites ( $F e S_{2}$ ) + oxygen $\to$ ferric oxide + sulphur dioxide

(l) Potassium permanganate + hydrochloric acid $\to$ potassium chloride + manganese chloride + chlorine + water

(m) Aluminium sulphate + sodium hydroxide $\to$ sodium sulphate + sodium meta aluminate + water.

(n) Aluminium + sodium hydroxide + water $\to$ sodium meta aluminate + hydrogen

(o) Potassium dichromate + sulphuric acid $\to$ potassium chloride + chromium chloride + water + chlorine.

(p) Sulphur + nitric acid $\to$ sulphuric acid + nitrogen dioxide + water.

(q) Sodium chloride + manganese dioxide + sulphuric acid $\to$ sodium hydrogen sulphate + manganese sulphate + water + chlorine.