Question

Match column I and II about Assisted Reproductive Technology and its methods and select correct option.

$\begin{array}{cccc}& \text{Column - I}& & \text{Column - II}\\ \text{(P)}& \text{IVF}& \text{(i)}& \text{In vitro fertilization, embryo implantation in fallopian tube}\\ \text{(Q)}& \text{ZIFT}& \text{(ii)}& \text{In vitro fertilization, embryo implantation in uterus.}\\ \text{(R)}& \text{GIFT}& \text{(iii)}& \text{Single sperm injected into mature egg, embryo transferred to uterus of female.}\\ \text{(S)}& \text{ICSI}& \text{(iv)}& \text{In vivo fertilization, sperm and ova transferred in fallopain tube}\end{array}$

• A.
  (P - ii) (Q - i) (R - iv) (S - iii)
• B.
  (P - iv) (Q - iii) (R - ii) (S - i)
• C.
  (P - iii) (Q - iv) (R - ii) (S - i)
• D.
  (P - iv) (Q - iii) (R - i) (S - ii)

Answer 1

The correct option is A

(P - ii) (Q - i) (R - iv) (S - iii)
Common methods of ART include:

1. In vitro fertilization (IVF) - Fertilization outside of the body. IVF is the most effective ART. It is often used when a woman’s fallopian tubes are blocked or when a man produces too few sperm. Doctors treat the woman with a drug that causes the ovaries to produce multiple eggs. Once mature, the eggs are removed from the woman. They are put in a dish in the lab along with the man’s sperm for fertilization. After 3 to 5 days, healthy embryos are implanted in the woman’s uterus.

2. Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) or Tubal Embryo Transfer is similar to IVF- Fertilization occurs in the laboratory. Then the very young embryo is transferred to the fallopian tube instead of the uterus.

3. Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) involves transferring eggs and sperm into the woman’s fallopian tube. So fertilization occurs in the woman’s body. Few practices offer GIFT as an option.

4. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is often used for couples in which there are serious problems with the sperm. Sometimes it is also used for older couples or for those with failed IVF attempts. In ICSI, a single sperm is injected into a mature egg. Then the embryo is transferred to the uterus or fallopian tube.