Question

Mention the condition favoring ionic bond formation.

Answer 1

Understanding ionic bond:

• An ionic bond or electrovalent bond is formed due to the electrostatic force of attraction between a cation and an anion.

Condition for the formation of Ionic Bond:

• Sublimation energy is required by solid metal to form individual gaseous atoms. Low sublimation energy favors the formation of an ionic compound.
• Ionization energy is required by the gaseous metal atom to release an electron and become a metal ion. Low ionization energy favors the formation of an ionic compound.
• Bond dissociation enthalpy is required by the non-metallic gaseous molecule to form an individual gaseous non-metallic atom. Low bond dissociation enthalpy favors the formation of an ionic compound.
• The gaseous non-metallic atom accepts electrons and releases energy. This energy is called electron gain enthalpy. High electron gain enthalpy favors the formation of an ionic compound.
• The cation and anion now unite to form a crystal lattice. During the formation of a crystal lattice, lattice energy is released. High lattice energy favors the formation of an ionic compound.