The essential basic parts of a cell are:
(i) Cell membrane
(ii) Cytoplasm
(iii) Nucelus
(i) Cell membrane : Each cell is bound by a thin membrane called the cell membrane or plasma mambrane.It allows only selective substanc to pass through it,hence,it is called a selectively permeable membrane.It is elastic in nature and enables the cell to stretch to some extent.The cell membrane is a very thin layer of protein and fat.It is the most important part of the cell as it controls the entry and exist of substances inside and otside the cell..
(ii) Cytoplasm: The jelly like substance present in the cell is called as cytoplasm.It constitutes of about 70% of water which gives it its fluidity. It consists of various cell organelles.
(iii) Nucleus: The nucleus is the main organell of the cell which regulates all the activities of the cell.It consists of the genetic information called DNA.