nbsp-White fumes nbsp-appear around the bottle of anhydrous nbsp-aluminium chloride-Why-

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Byju's Answer

Standard XII

Chemistry

Preparation of Chlorine

nbsp;White fu...

Question

White fumes appear around the bottle of anhydrous aluminium chloride.Why?

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Solution

Anhydrous aluminium chloride is hydrolysed partly with the moisture in the atmosphere to give HCl gas. This HCl combines with the moisture in the air appears white in colour.

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Explain why :

(a) anhydrous HCl is a poor conductor while aqueous HCl is an excellent conductor.
(b) when the stopper of a bottle full of hydrogen chloride gas is opened there are fumes in the air.
(c) a solution of hydrogen chloride in water turns blue litmus red and conducts electricity, while a solution of the same gas in toluene :
(i) has no effect on litmus, and
(ii) does not conduct electricity.
(d) thick white fumes are formed when a glass rod dipped in $N H_{4} O H$ is brought near the mouth of a bottle full of HCl gas.
(e) dry hydrogen chloride gas does not affect a dry strip of blue litmus paper but it turns red in the presence of a drop of water.

(f) hydrogen chloride gas is not collected over water.

When the stopper of a bottle full of hydrogen chloride gas is opened, fumes can be seen coming out. Why does this happen?

When the stopper of a bottle full of hydrogen chloride liquid is opened, fumes can be seen coming out. Why does this happen?

Q. Explain why? [5 MARKS]
(a) Anhydrous HCl is a poor conductor while aq. HCl is an excellent conductor of electricity.
(b) Only a very dilute solution of hydrogen chloride in water can be concentrated by boiling the solution while a very concentrated solution would become less concentrated when boiled.
(c) When the stopper of a bottle full of hydrogen chloride gas is opened, there are fumes in the air.

Q. A bottle of dry ammonia and one of dry hydrogen chloride are connected at the two ends of a long tube. The stoppers at both ends of the tube are opened simultaneously. The white fumes will be formed first:

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