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Question

Permanent hardness of water can be removed by adding calgon (NaPO3)6. This is an example of:

A
Adsorption
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B
Exchange of ions
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C
Precipitation
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D
None of these
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Solution

The correct option is B Exchange of ions
Calgon (Na6P6O18) ionizes to give a complex anion. The addition of calgon to hard water causes the calcium and magnesium ions from hard water to displace the sodium ion from the anion of Calgon.
Na2[Na4(PO3)6]+2Ca2+Na2[Ca2(PO3)6]+4Na+

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