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Question

Q. How did they calculate chlorine oxidation state and what's in the fourth column?
Acid Formula Chlorine
Oxidation
state
pKa
Hypochlorous acid HCIO +1 +7.5
Chlorous acid HCIO2 +3 +2.0
Chloric acid HCIO3 +5 -1.0
Perchloric acid HCIO4 +7 -10

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Solution

Dear Student,


Let the oxidation state of Cl be xHClO :(+1)+x+(-2)=0or, x-1=0or, x=+1HClO2 :(+1)+x+2(-2)=0or, x-3=0or, x=+3HClO3 :(+1)+x+3(-2)=0or, x-5=0or, x=+5HClO4 :(+1)+x+4(-2)=0or, x-7=0or, x=+7pKa = -log Kawhere Ka=ionisation constantIt is used to measure the strength of acid. Less is the pKa, stronger is the acid/ So, perchloric acid will be strongest amongst all.

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