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Question

Show diagrammatically the electron distributions in a sodium atom and a sodium ion and also give their atomic number.


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Solution

Sodium atom:

  • The atomic number of sodium is 11 and the electronic configuration of sodium is,
  • Na (Z = 11) = 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s1.

The distribution of electrons in the sodium atom is as follows:

  • In the first orbit or K-shell = 2 electrons
  • In the second orbit or L-shell = 8 electrons
  • In the third orbit or M-shell = 1 electron
  • Or, we can write the distribution of electrons in a sodium atom as 2, 8, 1.

Sodium-ion:

  • Na+ ion is formed from sodium atom by loss of an electron (present in the outermost shell).
  • Hence, the electronic configuration is 2, 8(K, L). However, the number of protons and neutrons remains the same.


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