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Question
Sterilization of the nutrient medium in tissue culture is done by ______________ method.
Sterilization of the nutrient medium in tissue culture is done by ______________ method.
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Solution
The correct option is A autoclaving
Tissue culture is the technique of maintaining and growing plant cells, tissues or organs on an artificial medium in suitable containers under controlled environmental conditions.
Any part of a plant taken out and grown under sterile conditions in special nutrient media in tissue culture is called explant.
The culture medium that is used to grow the explant in tissue culture should be prepared carefully and sterilised.
The culture medium is sterilized by autoclaving to make it contamination-free (kill all the germs) and prevent unwanted growth (growth of bacteria, fungi etc.) Autoclaving is done by heating the nutrient medium and glassware used in tissue culture at 121°C in the autoclave. Hence option a is correct.
The nutrient medium contains inorganic salts (micro and macronutrients), organic nutrients (carbon source), amino acids, vitamins, growth hormones, water and agar agar.
Agar agar is used as the solidifying agent in the nutrient medium. This will convert the liquid broth into a jelly form. Hence option b is incorrect.
Fumigation is a method used to remove harmful microorganisms from the tissue culture lab. It is not used to sterilize the nutrient medium for tissue culture. In the fumigation method, a gas (bromide and phosphine) is allowed to fill an area completely for a set period. This will result in killing the microorganisms. So option c is incorrect.
Chemical sterilization is the process of removal of microorganisms by the use of chemical agents. This method is used to sterilize the plant parts used in tissue culture. In this method the plant material is usually immersed in 10% - 20% of sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 - 20 minutes. So option d is incorrect.
Tissue culture is the technique of maintaining and growing plant cells, tissues or organs on an artificial medium in suitable containers under controlled environmental conditions.
Any part of a plant taken out and grown under sterile conditions in special nutrient media in tissue culture is called explant.
The culture medium that is used to grow the explant in tissue culture should be prepared carefully and sterilised.
The culture medium is sterilized by autoclaving to make it contamination-free (kill all the germs) and prevent unwanted growth (growth of bacteria, fungi etc.) Autoclaving is done by heating the nutrient medium and glassware used in tissue culture at 121°C in the autoclave. Hence option a is correct.
The nutrient medium contains inorganic salts (micro and macronutrients), organic nutrients (carbon source), amino acids, vitamins, growth hormones, water and agar agar.
Agar agar is used as the solidifying agent in the nutrient medium. This will convert the liquid broth into a jelly form. Hence option b is incorrect.
Fumigation is a method used to remove harmful microorganisms from the tissue culture lab. It is not used to sterilize the nutrient medium for tissue culture. In the fumigation method, a gas (bromide and phosphine) is allowed to fill an area completely for a set period. This will result in killing the microorganisms. So option c is incorrect.
Chemical sterilization is the process of removal of microorganisms by the use of chemical agents. This method is used to sterilize the plant parts used in tissue culture. In this method the plant material is usually immersed in 10% - 20% of sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 - 20 minutes. So option d is incorrect.
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