Question

The dipole moment of hydrogen chloride with bond distance 127 pm is 1.03 D. The percent ionic character of its bond is about:

• A. 16%
• B. 17%
• C. 16.8%
• D. 16.5%

Answer 1

Answer: (C)

16.8%

${\mu }_{HCl}=1.03D$

Bond length $=1.27A^0=1.27\times {10}^{-8}cm$

$e=\frac{\mu }{d}=\frac{1.03\times {10}^{-18}}{1.27\times {10}^{-8}}=\frac{1.03}{1.27}\times {10}^{-10}esu$

For $d=4.803\times {10}^{-10}esu$, the molecule will be 100% ionic.

Percentage of ionic character$=\frac{1.03}{1.27\times 4.803}\times 100=16.8$%