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Question

The experimental value of dipole moment of HCl is 1.05 D. The length of the HCl bond is 1.250 A. The percentage of ionic character in HCl is: (Given, 23.34=0.6)

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Solution

Given:
The bond length of HCl=1.200 A
Experimental dipole moment of HCl=1.05 D

Dipole moment assuming 100 % ionic bond =e×bond length=1.6×1019×1.250×1010
=2.000×1029 Cm

Unit conversion Cm to D
3.34×1030 Cm=1 D
2.000×10293.34×1030 D6 D

We know,
% ionic character=Observed dipole momentCalculated dipole moment (assuming 100 % ionic bond)×100
=1.056×100
=17.5%

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