The priority of groups $O H, C O O H, C H O, O C H_{3}$ attached to chiral carbon is in order:

O H > C O O H > C H O > O C H_{3}

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O C H_{3} > O H > C H O > C O O H

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O C H_{3} > O H > C O O H > C H O

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O C H_{3} > C O O H > C H O > O H

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Solution

The correct option is C $O C H_{3} > O H > C O O H > C H O$
The atom (directly attach to chiral atom) with higher atomic number will get priority.
Thus, from given group $- O C H_{3}$ and $- O H$ has priority because chiral carbon attached to oxygen atom which has higher atomic number than carbon.
Then, if a group of atoms is attached and first atom is common in two or more groups, then go for second or third atom and so on till first point of difference.
Comparing $O C H_{3}$ and $O H$ , $O C H_{3}$ is prior because here the second atom is C whereas for OH it is hydrogen so $O C H_{3}$ group is prior than $O H$ .
Comparing COOH and CHO, COOH is prior because it has more atomic mass than CHO.
Therefore,
The priority of groups is $- O C H_{3} > O H > C O O H > C H O$

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