Question

What are five types of salts? Explain with examples. [5 MARKS]

Answer 1

Each point: 1 Mark

(1) Normal Salts – The salts which are obtained by complete replacement of the ionisable hydrogen atoms or hydroxyl ion by a metallic or an ammonium ion are called normal salts.

Example – $\text{HCl}+\text{NaOH}\to \text{NaCl}+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}$

(2) Acidic Salts – The salts which are obtained by the partial replacement of ionisable hydrogen atoms of a polybasic acid by a metal or an ammonium ion are called Acid Salts.

Example- ${\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_4+\text{NaOH}\to {\text{NaHSO}}_4+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}$

(3) Basic Salt – The salt which are formed by partial replacement of hydroxyl (–OH) groups of a polyacidic base by an acid radial are called basic salts.

Example- ${\text{Pb(OH)}}_2+\text{HCl}\to \text{Pb(OH)Cl}+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}$

(4) Double salt – The salt which are obtained by the crystallisation of two simple salts, from a mixture of their saturated salt solutions are known as double salts.

Example- ${\text{K}}_2{\text{SO}}_4+{\text{Al}}_2({\text{SO}}_4{)}_3+24{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\to {\text{K}}_2{\text{SO}}_4{\text{Al}}_2({\text{SO}}_4{)}_3.24{\text{H}}_2\text{O}$

(5) Mixed Salt – The salts containing more than one cations or anions other than H+ or OH– ions are called mixed salts.

Example- ${\text{CaOCl}}_2$ contains two anions ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ and ${\text{OCl}}^{-}$