Question

When a foreign DNA is introduced into an organism, how is it maintained in the host and how is it transferred to the progeny of the organism?

Answer 1

Transfer and maintenance of foreign gene:

Transfer of foreingn gene into the host varies, it depends on the species.

1. Bacterial cell - When foreign DNA is introduced into a bacterial host through a plasmid vector, the plasmid maintains the gene of interest, expresses it and during replication the plasmid multiplies along with the DNA of interest and carries to the daughter cells.
2. Plant cell - When a foreign DNA is inserted into a plant cell through Agrobacterium, the Ti plasmid transfers the gene of interest to the plant genome. The gene of interest is replicated during cell division and along with the plant genome it is carried to the daughter cells.
3. Animal cell - In animal cells, the retroviral vector integrates the gene of interest with the animal genome. It is then transferred to its progeny.