Question

When does onychomycosis occur?

Answer 1

Onychomycosis:

1. Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the fingernails or toenails which causes discoloration, thickening, & separation from the nail bed.
2. Onychomycosis also occurs in 10% of the general population but is more common in older adults; the prevalence is 20% in those older than 60 years & 50% in those older than 70 years.

Causes:

1. Toenail fungus happens when fungi get between the toenail & the toenail bed (tissue right underneath the toenail).
2. This usually happens by a crack or cut in your toe.
3. These infections develop on nails that are exposed continually to moist, warm environments, like shower floors or sweaty shoes.

Symptoms:

1. As this nail fungus penetrates deeper into the nails, it can cause the nail to discolor, thickens, and develops crumbling edges.
2. The symptoms of this condition primarily involve aesthetic effects on either toenails or fingers.
3. They can vary widely depending on the severity of the infection and the time it has been left untreated.

Prevention:

1. Keep hands and feet clean and dry. Cut fingernails and toenails short and keep them clean.
2. Do not go barefoot in places like changing rooms or public bathrooms.
3. Do not share nail clippers with others. When visiting a nail salon, choose a salon that is clean and licensed by your state's cosmetology board.
4. Make sure the salon sterilizes its tools (nail clippers, scissors, etc.) after each use, or you can bring your own.

Diagnosis:

1. Primarily based upon KOH examination,
2. Culture, and histopathological examinations of nail biopsy and nail clippings.