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Question

Which of the following solutions are isotonic with respect to 0.5 M NaCl solution having the degree of dissociation = 0.8.

A
153.9 g of sucrose is dissolved in 500 mL of solution
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B
0.3 M aq. Na2SO4 solution undergoing 100% ionization
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C
1.8% w/w aq.NaOH solution undergoing 100% ionization
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D
1.2 M benzoic acid in a solution of benzene where the acid dimerizes to an extent of 50%
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Solution

The correct option is D 1.2 M benzoic acid in a solution of benzene where the acid dimerizes to an extent of 50%
At particular temperature isotonic solutions are those which have same solute concentration.

For NaCl:
ic=0.5×[1+(21)0.8]=0.9 M

For sucrose solution:
ic=153.9342×1000500×1=0.9 M

For Na2SO4 solution:
ic=0.3×3=0.9 M

For NaOH:
Molality =1.840×1000100

For very dilute solutions molality is almost equal to the molarity. Thus
ic =1.840×10×2=0.9M

For benzoic acid:
ic=1.2×[1+(0.51)0.5]=1.2×34=0.9 M

Solutions having same ic value are isotonic.

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