Which of the following will show maximum power of +I effect?
Which of the following will show maximum power of +I effect?
The correct option is A NH−
What do we mean by +I effect?
The displacement of an electron (shared) pair along the carbon chain due to the
presence of an electron withdrawing or electron releasing groups in the carbon chain is known
as inductive effect (I-effect).
but the effect is insignificant beyoud third carbon atom.
This effect is transmitted through the chain of σ bonds and diminishes with
increasing chain length.
Inductive effect is thus
(i) A permanent effect
(ii) the electrons never leave their original atomic orbital.
(iii) operates through σ bonds
(iv) polarization of electron is always in a single direction.
(v) it is generally observed in saturated compounds.
(vi) its magnitude (i.e., electron withdrawing or donating power ) decreases with increase in distance.
On the basis of inductive effect, groups can be of two types.
The inductive effect is related to the ability of substituent(s) to either withdraw or donate e− density
to the attached C atom.
Based on this ability, the substituents are classified as e−-withdrawing (EWG) or e−-donating
groups (EDG) relative to H.
EWG or e−-attracting groups are represented by -I and EDG or e−-repelling group are
represented by +I symbol.
-I power of groups , ⊖O, CO⊖O are +I groups.
(a) + I power of different type groups and anions:
NH−>O−>COO−>ter alkyl>sec.alkyl>p−alkyl>CH3>H
NH−
What do we mean by +I effect?
The displacement of an electron (shared) pair along the carbon chain due to the
presence of an electron withdrawing or electron releasing groups in the carbon chain is known
as inductive effect (I-effect).
but the effect is insignificant beyoud third carbon atom.
This effect is transmitted through the chain of σ bonds and diminishes with
increasing chain length.
Inductive effect is thus
(i) A permanent effect
(ii) the electrons never leave their original atomic orbital.
(iii) operates through σ bonds
(iv) polarization of electron is always in a single direction.
(v) it is generally observed in saturated compounds.
(vi) its magnitude (i.e., electron withdrawing or donating power ) decreases with increase in distance.
On the basis of inductive effect, groups can be of two types.
The inductive effect is related to the ability of substituent(s) to either withdraw or donate e− density
to the attached C atom.
Based on this ability, the substituents are classified as e−-withdrawing (EWG) or e−-donating
groups (EDG) relative to H.
EWG or e−-attracting groups are represented by -I and EDG or e−-repelling group are
represented by +I symbol.
-I power of groups , ⊖O, CO⊖O are +I groups.
(a) + I power of different type groups and anions:
NH−>O−>COO−>ter alkyl>sec.alkyl>p−alkyl>CH3>H
