Question

Write a note on reproduction in plants.

Answer 1

Reproduction:

It is the process of producing new individuals from their parents.

Types of reproduction in plants:

I) Asexual reproduction

Here, plants are reproduced without the formation of seeds.

1. Vegetative Propagation

1. New plants are born from a part of the main plant‘s body. It can be replicated both naturally and artificially.
2. Examples:

• Onion bulbs are propagated by natural propagation.
• Rose and banana plants are propagated by artificial methods of propagation.

2. Budding: New plants are grown in this mode of asexual reproduction from an outgrowth or bud in the plant body.

3. Fragmentation: A new plant is formed by the fragment of the old plant body.

II) Sexual Reproduction

It is the development of new plants with embryos produced by male and female gametic fusion.

1. Pollination

1. It is a mechanism in which pollen grains fall from the anther to the same flower's stigma.
2. There are two ways of pollination- self-pollination, and cross-pollination.

2. Zygote formation: After the transfer of pollen grains, the male gamete is passed down to the ovary via the pistil, where the male gamete fuses with the female gamete to form a zygote.

3. Fruit and seed formation

1. A formed zygote transforms into an embryo after fertilization.
2. The ovary changes into the fruit, and the ovules form seeds.