Question

Write the steps in specific sequence of recombinant DNA technology. Describe the method of isolation of the genetic material (DNA).

Answer 1

Genetic engineering is also called genetic modification. This method involves the manipulation of the genome of any organism using biotechnology techniques.

The gene may be inserted into the host genome. The gene is first isolated from the cell. The desired gene is restricted with the help of specific restriction enzymes. These enzymes are also used to cleave the plasmid vector. The desired gene is inserted in the plasmid vector with the help of enzyme ligase. This results in the formation of recombinant DNA. Many different segments of DNA can be attached in the vector. The plasmids are cloned in the bacterial cells by using molecular cloning methods.

There are various different methods which can be used for the isolation of the genetic material. The common method which is used includes the alkali or the acid treatment which results in the breakdown of the cell wall. The parts of the cell are separated by using differential centrifugation. This is the type of separation of the different organelles on the basis of density. The DNA can be separated, PCR can be performed and then isolated by using gel electrophoresis.