Question

Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct?

(i) Pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast.

(ii) Fermentation takes place in aerobic bacteria.

(iii) Fermentation takes place in mitochondria.

(iv) Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration.

• A. (i) and (iii)
• B. (ii) and (iv)
• C. (i) and (iv)
• D. (ii) and (iii)

Answer 1

The correct option is C

(i) and (iv)

The correct option is C.

Explanation of correct option:

Statement (i):

1. In anaerobic processes like fermentation, glucose can still be converted to energy even in the absence of oxygen.
2. Fermentation occurs in yeast cells and bacteria.
3. Alcoholic fermentation is a biological process that converts carbohydrates like glucose, fructose, and sucrose into cellular energy and also yields ethanol and carbon dioxide as a byproduct.
4. In yeasts, fermentation results in the conversion of pyruvate to ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Statement (iv):

1. Anaerobic respiration is the type of respiration through which cells can break down sugars to generate energy in the absence of oxygen.
2. Fermentation is an example of anaerobic respiration.

Explanation of incorrect options:

Statement (ii):

Fermentation happens in facultative anaerobes like yeast, in some bacteria and fungi that must exist in an oxygen-free environment to survive (known as obligatory anaerobes), and in muscle cells when oxygen is scarce.

Statement (iii):

Aerobic respiration takes place in mitochondria, while fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm of bacteria that respire anaerobically.

Final answer: The correct statements are Pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast and Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration. Hence, Option C is correct.