Question

Write the electronic configuration and valency of $1$ to $30$ elements.

Answer 1

Electronic configuration: Electronic configuration is the distribution of the electrons in orbitals of atoms using some basic principles like the Pauli exclusion principle and the Aufbau principle.

Valency: The number of electrons that an atom must lose or receive to achieve a stable electron configuration. It is also called the atom's combining capacity.

Atomic Number	Element and symbol	Electronic configuration	Valency
$1$	Hydrogen $\left(\mathrm{H}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^1$	$+1,(-1)$
$2$	Helium $\left(\mathrm{He}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^2$	$0$
$3$	Lithium$\left(\mathrm{Li}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^1$	$+1$
$4$	Beryllium $\left(\mathrm{Be}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^2$	$+2$
$5$	Boron$\left(\mathrm{B}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^1$	$+3,(-3)$
$6$	Carbon $\left(\mathrm{C}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^2$	$(+2),+4$
$7$	Nitrogen $\left(\mathrm{N}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^3$	$\pm 1,\pm 2,\pm 3,+4\&+5$
$8$	Oxygen$\left(\mathrm{O}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^4$	$-2$
$9$	Fluorine $\left(\mathrm{F}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^5$	$+1,(-1)$
$10$	Neon$\left(\mathrm{Ne}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^6$	$0$
$11$	Sodium $\left(\mathrm{Na}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^1$	$+1$
$12$	Magnesium $\left(\mathrm{Mg}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^2$	$+2$
$13$	Aluminium $\left(\mathrm{Al}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^1$	$+3$
$14$	Silicon $\left(\mathrm{Si}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^2$	$+4,(-4)$
$15$	Phosphorus $\left(\mathrm{P}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^3$	$-3,+3,+1\&+5$
$16$	Sulphur $\left(\mathrm{S}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^4$	$-2,+2,+4\&+6$
$17$	Chlorine $\left(\mathrm{Cl}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^5$	$\pm 1,+2,+3,+4,+5\&+7$
$18$	Argon $\left(\mathrm{Ar}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^6$	$0$
$19$	Potassium $\left(\mathrm{K}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}4{\mathrm{s}}^1$	$+1$
$20$	Calcium $\left(\mathrm{Ca}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}4{\mathrm{s}}^2$	$+2$
$21$	Scandium $\left(\mathrm{Sc}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{d}}^{1}4{\mathrm{s}}^2$	$+3$
$22$	Titanium $\left(\mathrm{Ti}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{d}}^{2}4{\mathrm{s}}^2$	$+2,+3\&+4$
$23$	Vanadium$\left(\mathrm{V}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{d}}^{3}4{\mathrm{s}}^2$	$+2,+3,+4\&+5$
$24$	Chromium $\left(\mathrm{Cr}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{d}}^{5}4{\mathrm{s}}^1$	$+2,+3\&+6$
$25$	Manganese $\left(\mathrm{Mn}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{d}}^{5}4{\mathrm{s}}^2$	$+2,+3,+4,+5,+6\&+7$
$26$	Iron $\left(\mathrm{Fe}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{d}}^{6}4{\mathrm{s}}^2$	$+2,+3,+4\&+6$
$27$	Cobalt $\left(\mathrm{Co}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{d}}^{7}4{\mathrm{s}}^2$	$+1,+2,+3\&+4$
$28$	Nickel $\left(\mathrm{Ni}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{d}}^{8}4{\mathrm{s}}^2$	$+2,+3\&+4$
$29$	Copper $\left(\mathrm{Cu}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{d}}^{10}4{\mathrm{s}}^1$	$+1,+2\&+3$
$30$	Zinc $\left(\mathrm{Zn}\right)$	$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{d}}^{10}4{\mathrm{s}}^2$