Question

What are conduction and convection?

Answer 1

1. Conduction is a heat transfer process that takes between objects which are in direct contact.
2. The mathematical expression for conduction:
   $\mathrm{Q}=\frac{\mathrm{KA}∆\mathrm{T}}{\mathrm{d}}$
   where, $\mathrm{Q}$ is the transfer of heat per unit time, $\mathrm{A}$ is the area of heat transfer, $\mathrm{K}$ is the metal conductivity, $∆\mathrm{T}$ is the temperature difference, and $\mathrm{d}$ is the thickness of the body.
3. Convection is a heat transfer process that takes between fluids inside.
4. In convection, the fluid molecules move from higher temperature regions to lower temperature regions.
5. The mathematical expression for convection:
   $\mathrm{Q}=\mathrm{hA}∆\mathrm{T}$
   where, $\mathrm{Q}$ is the transfer of heat per unit time, $\mathrm{A}$ is the area of heat transfer, $\mathrm{h}$ is the coefficient of convective heat transfer and $∆\mathrm{T}$ is the temperature difference between the surface and fluid.
6. Both the Conduction and Convection are very slow to process
7. The boiling of water is an example of convection.
8. Heat is transferred from hands to ice cubes resulting in the melting of an ice cube when held in hands, which is an example of conduction.