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Question
Assertion : α-interferons are used in the treatment of cancer.
Reason : α-interferon provokes the immune system to identify tumor cells.
Assertion : α-interferons are used in the treatment of cancer.
Reason : α-interferon provokes the immune system to identify tumor cells.
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Solution
The correct option is A Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion
Cancer is a disease in which the affected body cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other parts in the body.
In healthy organisms, during cell division, when cells come in contact with other cells, the process of cell replication ceases due to a property called contact inhibition. But in case of cancer cells this property is lost and hence uncontrolled growth begins leading to the formation of tumors.
Most types of cancer have tumors with the exception of blood cancer.
For the treatment of cancer there are various ways like immunotherapy, surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Immunotherapy : Tumor cells have shown characteristics to avoid detection and destruction by the immune system. So, the patients are administered with biological response modifiers (glycoproteins) such as α-interferons which activate their immune system and help in destroying the tumor.
Figure : Mechanism of action of interferons
Interferons are normally produced by the virus infected cells which prevent the spread of infection by interfering with the multiplication of virus.
In cancer treatment α-interferons increase antigen presentation to lymphocyte cells, this helps to eliminate foreign bodies. Thereby, helping the immune system to identify and target the cancer cells. Hence both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
Figure : Mechanism of action of α-interferons
Chemical drugs can cause side effects in cancer patients like hair loss, anemia, fatigue and it can results even in a weaker immune system. So, interferons are injected into cancer patients to develop immunity to help fight against the cancer cells.
Surgery – Through surgical procedure localized cancerous masses are removed. This process is highly effective for benign tumors as they are localised.
Radiation therapy – The affected body part is exposed to radiations like X-rays, protons or other types of energy to kill the cancer cells.
Chemotherapy – Chemotherapeutic drugs are used to kill cancer cells, stop the spread and slow their growth. The drugs are administered by mouth, in shots or intravenously.
Cancer is a disease in which the affected body cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other parts in the body.
In healthy organisms, during cell division, when cells come in contact with other cells, the process of cell replication ceases due to a property called contact inhibition. But in case of cancer cells this property is lost and hence uncontrolled growth begins leading to the formation of tumors.
Most types of cancer have tumors with the exception of blood cancer.
For the treatment of cancer there are various ways like immunotherapy, surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Immunotherapy : Tumor cells have shown characteristics to avoid detection and destruction by the immune system. So, the patients are administered with biological response modifiers (glycoproteins) such as α-interferons which activate their immune system and help in destroying the tumor.
Figure : Mechanism of action of interferonsInterferons are normally produced by the virus infected cells which prevent the spread of infection by interfering with the multiplication of virus.
In cancer treatment α-interferons increase antigen presentation to lymphocyte cells, this helps to eliminate foreign bodies. Thereby, helping the immune system to identify and target the cancer cells. Hence both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
Figure : Mechanism of action of α-interferonsChemical drugs can cause side effects in cancer patients like hair loss, anemia, fatigue and it can results even in a weaker immune system. So, interferons are injected into cancer patients to develop immunity to help fight against the cancer cells.
Surgery – Through surgical procedure localized cancerous masses are removed. This process is highly effective for benign tumors as they are localised.
Radiation therapy – The affected body part is exposed to radiations like X-rays, protons or other types of energy to kill the cancer cells.
Chemotherapy – Chemotherapeutic drugs are used to kill cancer cells, stop the spread and slow their growth. The drugs are administered by mouth, in shots or intravenously.
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