Benzoic acid reacts with conc. HNO3 and conc. H2SO4 to give major product as:
A
o-nitrobenzoic acid
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B
p-nitrobenzoic acid
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C
m-nitrobenzoic acid
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D
(a) and (b) above.
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Solution
When benzoic acid is treated with a mixture of conc.HNO3andconc.H2SO4, m-nitrobenzoic acid is formed.
The replacement of the H atom of a benzoic acid ring by the nitro group is carried out by treating benzoic acid with concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid.
The COOH group is the meta-directing group because it is the electron-withdrawing group.
It pulls the electron density towards itself and acts as a deactivating group on the benzoic acid ring which gives generally meta substituted nitro group as a major product.