Question

Definition of inductive effect?

Answer 1

• An inductive effect is an electronic effect due to the polarisation of σ bonds within a molecule or ion.
• This is typically due to an electronegatvity difference between the atoms at either end of the bond.
• In a simple alkyl carbocation, the positive C attracts the electrons in the σ bonds connected to that center towards itself and therefore away from the atom at the other end of the σ bond.
• Electrons in C-C bonds are more readily polarised than those in a C-H bond.
• Therefore, alkyl groups are better at stabilising C+ than H atoms.