Question

Describe the principle and technique of separation by the process of evaporation.

Answer 1

Evaporation:

• The process by which a liquid is converted into its vapor state is called evaporation.
• The rate of evaporation increases with an increase in temperature.
• Evaporation is used to separate a solid component from a homogeneous mixture of solids and liquids.
• The process of evaporation involves heating the solution until the solvent evaporates and turns into gas leaving behind the solid residue.
• For example, we can separate salt from a mixture of salt and water using evaporation. We heat the solution to a boiling point to obtain salt from salt water.
• As the solution boils, the water escapes as vapor and after some time all the water evaporates leaving a layer of salt at the bottom of the beaker.