Question

Differences between saponification and esterification?

Answer 1

Saponification	Esterification
1. Saponification is a process of preparation of soap.	1. Esterification is a process of preparation of ester from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.
2. Saponification is somewhat different from esterification since an ester responds to alkali in this situation.	2. In the esterification reaction, an acid reacts with alcohol in the presence of conc. ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$ to form an ester.
3. End products are carboxylate ions and alcohol.	3. End products are ester and water.
4. The reaction does not require heat energy.	4. The reaction requires heat energy.
5. The catalyst involved in the reaction is the base.	5. The catalyst involved in the reaction is acid.
6. Chemical reaction is $\underset{\mathrm{Ethyl}\mathrm{ethanote}}{{\mathrm{CH}}_3{\mathrm{COOC}}_2\mathrm{H}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Sodium}\mathrm{hydroxide}}{\mathrm{NaOH}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\stackrel{\mathrm{Heat}}{\to }\underset{\mathrm{Sodium}\mathrm{ethanoate}}{{\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{COONa}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Ethanol}}{{\mathrm{C}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_5\mathrm{OH}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}$	6. Chemical reaction is $\underset{\mathrm{Ethanol}}{{\mathrm{C}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_5\mathrm{OH}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Ethanoic}\mathrm{acid}}{{\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{COOH}}\stackrel{}{\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)\stackrel{{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4}{\to }}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}}_3\underset{\mathrm{Ethyl}\mathrm{acetate}}{{\mathrm{COOC}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_5\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Water}}{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)}$