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Question

Explain the structure of a neuron with the help of a labelled diagram.​

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Solution

Nervous tissue is made up of highly specialized cells called nerve cells or neurons. ​
Each neuron has the following parts:​

  • Cyton or cell body contains a central nucleus and cytoplasm with characteristic deeply stained particles, called Nissl's granules (i.e., clumps of ribosomes).
  • Dendrons are short branches arising from the cell body and further branching into dendrites.​
  • Axon or nerve fibre is a single, long cylindrical process of uniform diameter. It forms fine branches terminally.​
  • Each such twig-like branch of the axon ends in a swollen structure, called synaptic knob or bouton.​​


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