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Question
Indicate the types of isomerism exhibited by the following complexes and draw the structures for these isomers:
A) K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2]
B) [Co(en)3]Cl3
C) [Co(NH3)5(NO2)](NO3)2
D) [Pt(NH3)(H2O)Cl2]
A) K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2]
B) [Co(en)3]Cl3
C) [Co(NH3)5(NO2)](NO3)2
D) [Pt(NH3)(H2O)Cl2]
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Solution
A) Isomerism
Isomerism is the phenomenon in which more than one compounds have the same chemical formula but differ in properties, chemical structures and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule. The compounds that exhibit isomerism are known as isomers.
Types of isomerism exist in the given compound
Both Geometrical (cis-, trans-) and optical isomers for cis- exists for the given compound.
In trans isomers plane of symmetry present, so it is optically inactive but in case of cis- isomers, there is no plane of symmetry present, so it is optically active.
Geometrical and optical isomers of given compound are shown below:
B) Isomerism
Isomerism is the phenomenon in which more than one compounds have the same chemical formula but differ in properties, chemical structures and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule. The compounds that exhibit isomerism are known as isomers.
Types of isomerism exist in the given compound
Geometrical (cis-, trans-) isomers are not possible in the given compound but optical isomers exist for this compound.
Optical isomers of given compound are shown below;
C) Isomerism
Isomerism is the phenomenon in which more than one compounds have the same chemical formula but differ in properties, chemical structures and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule. The compounds that exhibit isomerism are known as isomers.
Types of isomerism exist in the given compound
In the given compound optical, ionization and linkage isomers are possible.
(i) Optical isomers
Compounds which are mirror image of each other but are non-superimposable, are known as optical isomers.
Optical isomers of given compound are shown below:
(ii) Ionization isomers
The type of isomerism which is due to the exchange of groups or ions between the coordinating sphere and the ionisation sphere. Ionisation isomers of the given compound are shown below:
[Co(NH3)5(NO2)](NO3)2 and
[Co(NH3)5(NO3)](NO3)(NO2)
(iii) Linkage isomers
I. This type of isomerism arises due to the presence of ambidentate ligands like NO2,SCN,CN etc.
II. These ligands have two donor atoms but at a time only one atom is directly linked to the central metal atom of the complex.
Ionisation isomers of the given compound are shown below:
[Co(NH3)5(NO2)](NO3)2 and
[Co(NH3)5(ONO)](NO3)2
D)Isomerism
Isomerism is the phenomenon in which more than one compounds have the same chemical formula but differ in properties, chemical structures and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule. The compounds that exhibit isomerism are known as isomers.
Types of isomerism exist in the given compound
It is a square planer complex, so optical isomerism not possible (because in square planer complex plane of symmetry is present) but geometrical (cis-, trans-) isomers can exist for the given compound.
Geometrical isomers of given compound are shown below:
Isomerism is the phenomenon in which more than one compounds have the same chemical formula but differ in properties, chemical structures and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule. The compounds that exhibit isomerism are known as isomers.
Types of isomerism exist in the given compound
Both Geometrical (cis-, trans-) and optical isomers for cis- exists for the given compound.
In trans isomers plane of symmetry present, so it is optically inactive but in case of cis- isomers, there is no plane of symmetry present, so it is optically active.
Geometrical and optical isomers of given compound are shown below:
B) Isomerism
Isomerism is the phenomenon in which more than one compounds have the same chemical formula but differ in properties, chemical structures and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule. The compounds that exhibit isomerism are known as isomers.
Types of isomerism exist in the given compound
Geometrical (cis-, trans-) isomers are not possible in the given compound but optical isomers exist for this compound.
Optical isomers of given compound are shown below;
C) Isomerism
Isomerism is the phenomenon in which more than one compounds have the same chemical formula but differ in properties, chemical structures and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule. The compounds that exhibit isomerism are known as isomers.
Types of isomerism exist in the given compound
In the given compound optical, ionization and linkage isomers are possible.
(i) Optical isomers
Compounds which are mirror image of each other but are non-superimposable, are known as optical isomers.
Optical isomers of given compound are shown below:
(ii) Ionization isomers
The type of isomerism which is due to the exchange of groups or ions between the coordinating sphere and the ionisation sphere. Ionisation isomers of the given compound are shown below:
[Co(NH3)5(NO2)](NO3)2 and
[Co(NH3)5(NO3)](NO3)(NO2)
(iii) Linkage isomers
I. This type of isomerism arises due to the presence of ambidentate ligands like NO2,SCN,CN etc.
II. These ligands have two donor atoms but at a time only one atom is directly linked to the central metal atom of the complex.
Ionisation isomers of the given compound are shown below:
[Co(NH3)5(NO2)](NO3)2 and
[Co(NH3)5(ONO)](NO3)2
D)Isomerism
Isomerism is the phenomenon in which more than one compounds have the same chemical formula but differ in properties, chemical structures and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule. The compounds that exhibit isomerism are known as isomers.
Types of isomerism exist in the given compound
It is a square planer complex, so optical isomerism not possible (because in square planer complex plane of symmetry is present) but geometrical (cis-, trans-) isomers can exist for the given compound.
Geometrical isomers of given compound are shown below:
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