Question

Mention the steps of tissue culture.

Answer 1

Tissue culture:

1. The technique or process of growing cells and tissues in an artificial medium that is separate from the organism is called tissue culture.
2. It is also known as micropropagation.
3. It is commonly used in developing countries to produce oil palm, sweet potato, tomato, eggplant, and banana.
4. Broth and agar are commonly used as growth media.

Different steps of tissue culture:

1. Initiation Phase: The tissue is initiated in the culture at this time. The tissue of interest is acquired, introduced, and sterilized to avoid contamination.
2. Multiplication Phase: The sterile explant is placed in a medium containing growth regulators and required nutrients. They are responsible for cell division and multiplication to produce an undifferentiated mass of cells known as a callus.
3. Root Formation: At this stage, to start the root development process, hormones are given. The roots begin to grow, and plantlets are formed.
4. Shoot Formation: Plant hormones are administered to promote the formation of shoots, and growth is monitored for a week.
5. Acclimatization: When plants begin to grow, they are moved to a greenhouse where they can grow in a controlled environment. Finally, they are delivered to the nurseries.