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Question
Plasmid vector in DNA recombinant technology means
Plasmid vector in DNA recombinant technology means
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Solution
The correct option is A extra-chromosomal autonomously replicating circular DNA
Vectors
Vectors are the DNA molecules which can carry the foreign DNA fragment into the host cells for cloning.
Examples include plasmids.
Plasmids
Plasmids are circular, extranuclear, double stranded, self replicating DNA molecules that are used as vectors for small fragments of DNA.
Features of plasmid as vector
Plasmids are used as vectors due to the following reasons:-
- Origin of replication (ori) - It is a specific nucleotide sequence that initiates replication. Due to this the plasmid can undergo self replication giving rise to multiple copies of the desired gene in the host cell.
- Selectable markers - Gene sequences like antibiotic resistance genes present which help to identify transformants and the non-transformants.
- Sites for the action of restriction endonucleases - Recognition sites for restriction enzymes help in the cleavage of the plasmid helping in inserting the gene of choice.
- Carrying capacity - Plasmids carry DNA inserts of about 15kbp in size.
Bacteriophages
Bacteriophages viruses infecting bacteria. They are used in genetic engineering as vectors to transfer genes into bacteria through the process of transduction.
Sticky ends
Sticky end is a fragment of DNA produced by a staggered cut using restriction enzymes, in which the terminal portion has a stretch of unpaired bases. Examples include EcoR I,Hind III,BamH I etc.
Recombinant DNA
Recombinant DNA is a vector DNA molecule with the gene of interest.
Final answer:
b. extra-chromosomal autonomously replicating circular DNA
Vectors
Vectors are the DNA molecules which can carry the foreign DNA fragment into the host cells for cloning.
Examples include plasmids.
Plasmids
Plasmids are circular, extranuclear, double stranded, self replicating DNA molecules that are used as vectors for small fragments of DNA.
Features of plasmid as vector
Plasmids are used as vectors due to the following reasons:-
- Origin of replication (ori) - It is a specific nucleotide sequence that initiates replication. Due to this the plasmid can undergo self replication giving rise to multiple copies of the desired gene in the host cell.
- Selectable markers - Gene sequences like antibiotic resistance genes present which help to identify transformants and the non-transformants.
- Sites for the action of restriction endonucleases - Recognition sites for restriction enzymes help in the cleavage of the plasmid helping in inserting the gene of choice.
- Carrying capacity - Plasmids carry DNA inserts of about 15kbp in size.
Bacteriophages viruses infecting bacteria. They are used in genetic engineering as vectors to transfer genes into bacteria through the process of transduction.
Sticky ends
Sticky end is a fragment of DNA produced by a staggered cut using restriction enzymes, in which the terminal portion has a stretch of unpaired bases. Examples include EcoR I,Hind III,BamH I etc.
Recombinant DNA
Recombinant DNA is a vector DNA molecule with the gene of interest.
Final answer:
b. extra-chromosomal autonomously replicating circular DNA
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