Question

The EFB has given a definition of biotechnology that encompasses both traditional view and modern molecular
biotechnology. The definition given by EFB is as follows

• A. Industrial scale production of biopharmaceuticals
  and biologicals using genetically modified microbes, fungi, plants and animals
  
• B. The use of bio-resources by multinational companies and other organizations without proper authorization from the countries and people concerned without compensatory payment
• C. Techniques to alter the chemistry of genetic material (DNA and RNA), to introduce these into host organisms and thus change the phenotype of the host organism
• D. ‘The integration of natural science and organisms,
  cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogues for
  products and services’
  

Answer 1

The correct option is D ‘The integration of natural science and organisms,

cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogues for
products and services’

Biopiracy
The exploitation of biological or genetic material from indigenous peoples or countries, for commercial purposes without suitably compensating the source of such material is called biopiracy. Therefore the statement A, is the definition of biopiracy.

Biotechnology
The European federation of biotechnology (EFB) has defined biotechnology in the following way:
‘The integration of natural science and organisms, cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogues for products and services’. Therefore the statement B, is the correct answer.

Bioprocess engineering
Biotechnology involves the large-scale manufacturing of the products obtained by the modification of organisms. This Industrial scale production of biopharmaceuticals and biologicals using genetically modified microbes, fungi, plants and animals is called bioprocess engineering. Thus the statement C is the definition of bioprocess engineering.

Genetic engineering
Techniques to alter the chemistry of genetic material (DNA and RNA), to introduce these into host organisms and thus change the phenotype of the host organism is called genetic engineering. Genetic engineering is one of the techniques used in biotechnology. Hence the given statement D is the definition of genetic engineering. .

Final answer
(B) ‘The integration of natural science and organisms, cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogues for products and services’