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Question

The shape of NH3 molecule is:


A

tetrahedral

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B

trigonal planar

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C

trigonal pyramidal

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D

linear

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Solution

The correct option is C

trigonal pyramidal


Explanation for correct option:

C. Trigonal pyramidal

Step 1: Hybridization:

  • Hybridization is defined as the process of intermixing of the orbitals of slightly different energies so as to redistribute their energies, resulting in the formation of a new set of orbitals of equivalent energies and shape.”

Step 2: Formula used for calculation:

  • Stericnumber=12V+M-C+A
  • Where V is the number of valence electrons, M is the monovalent electron, C is the positive charge and A represents the negative charge.

Step 3: Calculation for Hybridisation and shape of NH3:

  • The total number of valence electrons of N in NH3 is 5 and there is 3 monovalent atom.
  • Stericnumber=125+3Stericnumber=12×8=4
  • The steric number is 4, thus the hybridization of NH3 is sp3.
  • As per VSEPR, the geometry of sp3 hybridization is trigonal pyramidal and tetrahedral shape.
Hybridization of NH3 (Ammonia): Hybridization of Nitrogen in NH3

Explanation for incorrect options:

The shape of the ammonia molecule is trigonal pyramidal. Thus options A, B, and D are incorrect.

Hence, the correct option is C i.e. trigonal pyramidal.


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