Question

What are 3 things that a substitution mutation causes?

Answer 1

Mutation:

1. A mutation occurs when DNA molecules are copied or replicated, resulting in DNA variations that can be handed down through generations.
2. It can occur either through external agents or internal mismatches.
3. Base substitutions are the most basic level of alteration, and they occur when one nucleotide is swapped for another during DNA replication.
4. For example, a thymine nucleotide might be substituted for a guanine nucleotide during replication.

Substitution Mutation:

1. The substitution mutation is one of the several forms of mutation.
2. A substitution mutation replaces one base with another, resulting in a change in only one chemical letter.
3. This transition might be caused by a variety of factors relating to the storage and reading of DNA.
4. Nucleotides tend to come off during the depurination process.
5. Because there are just four nucleotides to pick from, the proteins that handle DNA are prone to making mistakes while replacing them.
6. Other proteins in the sequence should be used to hunt for DNA mistakes instead.

The above-illustrated picture depicts that A is substituted by G causes the substitution mutation.

Following are the 3 effects of a substitution mutation:

1. A change in amino acid codon coding to a specific stop codon produces an unfinished protein that is typically non-functional.
2. This can result in silent mutations, in which a codon shift encodes the same amino acid but no modifications are made to the protein formed.
3. Variation is a codon that encodes a different amino acid, resulting in a slight change in the protein generated; sickle-cell anemia is an example of this.