Question

What are electromagnetic waves? Write its nature.

Answer 1

Electromagnetic waves: According to Maxwell "electromagnetic waves are those waves in which there are sinusoidal vibration of electric field and magnetic field vectors at right angles to each other as well as right angles to the direction of wave propagation."
$E_y=E_{0}sin\omega (t-\frac{x}{c})$
$B_x=B_{0}sin(t-\frac{x}{c})$
Where, $E_0$ and $B_0$ are the peak values of $\overrightarrow{E}$ and $\overrightarrow{B}$, $E_y$ and $B_x$ are instantaneous value of $\overrightarrow{E}$ and $\overrightarrow{B}$ distance x along X-axis and c is the velocity of electromagnetic waves.
The frequencies of both the fields are equal.
From eq. (1) and (2) it is clear that both the fields a re same phase.
i.e., at the instant where $\overrightarrow{E}$ is maximum, then $\vec{B} is also maximum.