Question

What are the structural isomers of ${\mathrm{C}}_5{\mathrm{H}}_{12}\mathrm{O}$?

Answer 1

Different types of isomers ${\mathrm{C}}_5{\mathrm{H}}_{12}\mathrm{O}$ can exhibit :

• Structural isomers are isomers in which the atoms are arranged in a different order but have the same chemical formulae.
• ${\mathrm{C}}_5{\mathrm{H}}_{12}\mathrm{O}$ has more than three carbon atoms so can experience structural isomers.
• Functional isomers are structural isomers that have the same chemical formula (the same number of atoms of the same elements), but the atoms are linked differently, resulting in dissimilar groupings.
• ${\mathrm{C}}_5{\mathrm{H}}_{12}\mathrm{O}$ can exhibit both alcohol and ether functional isomers.
• ${\mathrm{C}}_5{\mathrm{H}}_{12}\mathrm{O}$ eight alcohol and six ether isomers.

Ether isomers:

• $$\begin{gathered} \mathrm{tert}-\mathrm{butyl}\mathrm{methyl}\mathrm{ether}, \\ \sec -\mathrm{butyl}\mathrm{methyl}\mathrm{ether}, \\ \mathrm{Isobutyl}\mathrm{methyl}\mathrm{ether}, \\ \mathrm{n}-\mathrm{butyl}\mathrm{methyl}\mathrm{ether}, \\ \mathrm{isopropyl}\mathrm{ethyl}\mathrm{ether}, \\ \mathrm{n}-\mathrm{propyl}\mathrm{ethyl}\mathrm{ether} \end{gathered}$$

Alcohol isomers:

• $$\begin{gathered} 1-\mathrm{pentanol}, \\ 2-\mathrm{pentanol}, \\ 3-\mathrm{pentanol}, \\ 2-\mathrm{methylbutan}-1-\mathrm{ol}, \\ 2-\mathrm{methylbutan}-2-\mathrm{ol}, \\ 3-\mathrm{methylbutan}-2-\mathrm{ol}, \\ 3-\mathrm{methylbutan}-1-\mathrm{ol}, \\ 2,2-\mathrm{dimethylpropanol} \end{gathered}$$