Electromagnetic waves consist of two waves oscillating perpendicular to each other. One is the oscillating electric field and the other one is an oscillating magnetic field.
The direction of propagation of the wave is perpendicular to the electric field and the magnetic field.
They are transverse waves and do not require a material medium for propagation.
In the diagram, the violet-colored wave is the direction of the electric field wave.
In the diagram, the green-colored wave is the direction of the magnetic field wave.
From the above diagram, we can say that the electric field oscillation of electromagnetic waves propagates towards the y-axis.
From the above diagram, we can say that the magnetic field oscillation of electromagnetic waves propagates towards the z-axis.
According to the diagram, the electromagnetic wave propagates along the x-axis.
