Question

What is a covalent bond? What type of bond exists in $\left({\mathrm{CaCl}}_2\right)$

Answer 1

Covalent bond:

• The covalent bond is formed by the sharing pairing of electrons between two atoms.

Calcium chloride $\left({\mathrm{CaCl}}_2\right)$consists of ionic bonds:

• Calcium chloride$\left({\mathrm{CaCl}}_2\right)$ consists of 1 calcium atom$\left(\mathrm{Ca}\right)$ and 2 chlorine$\left(\mathrm{Cl}\right)$ atoms.
• Calcium$\left(\mathrm{Ca}\right)$ has 2 valence electrons, so it prefers to lose these 2 electrons to attain a noble gas configuration.
• Each chlorine has 7 electrons in its valence shell.
• So, it prefers to gain 1 electron each to attain a noble gas configuration.
• Hence the complete transfer of electrons takes place from calcium to chlorine forming ionic bonds.