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Question

What is a megaphone ? Name the principle on which a megaphone works.

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Solution

Megaphones are designed to send sound in a particular direction without spreading it in all directions in this instrument a tube followed by a conical opening reflects sound successively to guide most of the sound waves from the source in the forward directions towards the audience.

A Megaphone works by forcing the sound that comes from a person's voice into one direction making it louder.

The sound is introduced into the narrow end of the megaphone, by holding it up to the face and speaking into it, and the sound waves radiate out the wide end. The megaphone increases the volume of sound by increasing the acoustic impedance seen by the vocal cords, matching the impedance of the vocal cords to the air, so that more sound power is radiated. It also serves to direct the sound waves in the direction the horn is pointing. It somewhat distorts the sound of the voice because the frequency response of the megaphone is greater at higher sound frequencies.


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