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Question

What is the shape of ClF5 using VSEPR Theory?


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Solution

Step 1: Hybridization:

  • Hybridization is defined as the process of intermixing of the orbitals of slightly different energies so as to redistribute their energies, resulting in the formation of a new set of orbitals of equivalent energies and shape.”

Step 2: Formula used for calculation:

  • Stericnumber=12V+M-C+A
  • Where V is the number of valence electrons, M is the monovalent electron, C is the positive charge and A represents the negative charge.

Step 3: Calculation for Hybridisation of ClF5:

  • The total number of valence electrons of chlorine in ClF5 is 7 and there are 5 monovalent atoms.
  • Stericnumber=127+5Stericnumber=12×12=6
  • The Steric number is 6, thus the hybridization of ClF5 is sp3d2.

Step 4: Shape of ClF5:

  • As per VSEPR, the shape for sp3d2 hybridization is square pyramidal with asymmetric charge distribution around the central atom.
  • The structure of ClF5is given below:

Thus, the shape of ClF5 is square pyramidal.


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