Question

why does voltage remain same in parallel ?

Answer 1

Dear Student

Voltage is a measure of potential energy. Compare it with gravitational potential energy mgh.

Let's move that mass up and then put it back in the same place it was before.When it's back in the same place, the gravitational potential energy is the same as it was before that is mgh.

The same goes for voltage. Take any path you choose, around in any directions and through whatever paths you pick. When you end up back in the place you started, the potential energy must be the same.

This gives us Kirchoff's voltage law: The sum of the voltages in a loop (that is, the sum of how the potential energy changes along a path that comes back to its original point) must equal zero.

So in parallel circuit all branches are connected together and hence same potential difference between two points.

It can also be understood by ohm's law as
In a series circuit the same current passes through each of the resistors thus changing the current for the next so potential difference differs according to Ohm's law, V = IR . But in parallel the current is split up and gives the same potential difference to each resistor hence the potential difference remains same.

Regards