There was a significant change in both economy and culture with the arrival of the Arabs and the advent of Islam in India. The Arabs spread the Islamic religion and started new political arrangements in India.
Entry of Arabs and Islam in India
At the beginning of the 7th century, there was a remarkable rise of a new civilisation from the Arab states, and this was due to Islam’s birth.Â
The founder of Islam was Prophet Mohammad. Many people protested against Mohammad Sahib. After a few years, Mohammad Sahib unified the followers of Islam in a religious and political form. Along with his supporters, he attacked Mecca and entered it. After the victory of Mecca, the entire Arab state accepted the Islamic religion.
 After the death of Prophet Mohammad, the Caliph was his successor, who expanded Islam to other countries.
The first invasion of the Arabs in India was in 712 AD. The Caliph Umar sent his commander to attack India, and its purpose was to take revenge on the pirates of Dabhol, who had captured and looted the freight ships of Arabs. The other reasons for their invasion were to spread to loot Indian wealth, property and spread of Islam.
Finally, Muhammad bin Qasim defeated the King of Dabhol in Sindh. Thus, the Sindh victory opened the door for the Arabs and Islam’s to enter India. After invading India, many Arabs settled in India and established relations with the local people.
Mahmud of Ghazni invaded India 17 times between 1000 and 1026 AD. He invaded different places in India, including Punjab, Nagarkot, Multan, Mathura, Thanesar, Kannauj, and Somnath temple which he plundered and ravaged.
Life During Delhi Sultanate Period
During the Sultanate period, it was a mix of Hindu-Muslim culture, which developed with the Sufi and Bhakti movements.
The Indian-Islamic art form was the main characteristic of the Delhi Sultanate period.
The Delhi Sultanate was established by Qutbuddin Aibak and existed in India from 1206 to 1526 AD. During the Sultanate period, the rulers of the Tughlaq dynasty, Muhammad bin Tughlaq and Firoz Shah Tughlaq paid special attention to the agriculture system.
After the death of Muhammad Ghori, Qutbuddin Aibak in the Turkish regime laid the foundation of the Delhi Sultanate in India.
The first dynasty established by the Delhi Sultanate was “Mumuluk”. Qutbuddin Aibak was a slave of Muhammad Ghori. For this reason, this dynasty is also called the slave dynasty.
Qutbuddin Aibak, Iltutmish, Razia Sultan, Nasiruddin Mahmud and Balban were the rulers of the Delhi Sultanate.
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