What is the full form of IC?
The full form of IC is the Integrated Circuit. It is a small size electronic device constructed from semiconductor material which includes many microscopic elements, such as Diodes, Transistors. Resistors & Capacitors. All these elements are interconnected on a thin sheet of semiconductors and assembled as a single entity, generally silicone.
ICs are used in a wide range of devices, such as Television sets, microprocessors, automobiles, audio & video equipment and mobile devices and are often recognized as microchips or chips. It was designed mainly to accommodate as many transistors as possible on a semiconductor chip.
Types of Integrated circuits
Jack Kilby built the very first IC, or microchip, in 1958. Over the centuries, multiple innovations occurred, and ICs went through a series of development which made them encompass more number of transistors and other electronic components. According to the level of integration of electronic components, ICs can be classified as –
- SSI (Small Scale Integration) – 1 to 100 transistors for every single IC or cube.
- MSI (Medium Scale Integration) – 1000 to several hundred thousand transistors for every single IC or cube.
- VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) – 100 thousand to 1 million transistors for every single IC or cube.
- ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) – IC, including transistors of millions or billions per chip. E.g. processor for computers.
ICs are also classified as Analog IC, Digital IC or a blend of both.
Benefits of IC
- The size of the IC is quite small, compared to the discrete circuit.
- The weight of an IC is exceptionally low when compared to complete discrete circuits.
- It is highly dependable.
- Despite its smaller size, it has lower energy consumption.
- It can easily be replaced in case of a problem.
- Temperature variations among circuit elements are minor.
- It is suitable for minimal signal operation.
Limitations of IC
- It can only handle a limited quantity of electricity.
- P-N-P High-Grade chamber is not possible.
- It is strenuous to obtain the low-temperature coefficient effectively.
- Potency dissipation is limited to 10 watts.
- Low noise and high voltage operation aren’t easily attained.
- It is difficult to repair, in case of any damage.
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