India used to be a well-known industry for textile and handicrafts in the old days. History is full of such information that India was an established nation dealing in textile, spices and metals, silk and cotton etc.
After the arrival of British, these industries were destroyed slowly as Britishers followed the process of de-industrialisation of Indian industries to make way for British industries to flourish.
Following points will throw light on the situation of industries during British Rule.
1.The decay of Handicraft Industries: The traditional handicraft industries in India was flourishing and was known worldwide. But with British arriving in India, they stopped the practice of using handicraft export by placing tariffs on exports.
Also, there was stiff competition from the machine-made products. With the introduction of Railways, the reach of British products increased to every corner of the country. All these factors led to the downfall of textile and handicraft industries in India.
2. Slow Growth of Modern Industries: The presence of a lopsided infrastructure resulted in the limited or slow growth of enterprises. Besides, there was a scarcity of basic and heavy industries that hindered the growth.
Also read:Â Indian Industries during british rule
Q.1- What was the state of industrial sector under british rule? | |
Answer: | |
Explanation |
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Following were the major reasons which were responsible for bleak growth of industrial sector. | |
Systematic De-Industrialisation
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Lopsided modern industrial structure |
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Lacking capital goods industry |
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Recommended links:Â Class 11 Economics Important Question
Q.1- What was the two-fold motive behind the systematic de-industrialisation affected by the British in pre-independent India? (NCERT) | |
Answer: | |
Two-Hold Motives | 1. First Motive-To get the raw material from India at a cheap rate and thus to reduce India to a mere exporter of raw materials to the British industries.
2. Second Motive– To sell British manufactured goods in the Indian market at higher prices. |
Q.2- Which Indian industry was adversely affected due to the partition of India and why? | |
Answer: | |
Explanation |
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Q.3- What do you mean by capital goods industry? Discuss the status of such industry during the British rule? | |
Answer: | |
Explanation |
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Q.4- Name some modern industries which were in operation in our country at the time of independence. |
Answer: |
Modern industries which were in operation in our country at the time of independence are as follows:
(i) Cotton textile industries. (ii) Jute textile industries. (iii) Iron and steel industries. (iv) Sugar industries. (v) Cement industries etc. |
Q.5- What are capital goods? |
Answer: |
Capital goods refer to those goods which are used to produce consumer goods such as Plant and Machine etc. |
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