Brassica is a flowering plant genus in the mustard family, including broccoli, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, turnips, and many other food plants. The receptacle, pedicel, ovules, stamens, petals, and sepals are essential parts of a Brassica flower.
The flower is the reproductive component of the plant. The plant produces tiny, yellowish flowers as it matures. Flowers develop distinctively on young branches. The structure is known as an inflorescence, and this branch is referred to as a pedicel. Thalamus is located at the pedicel’s tip. The thalamus has four whorls of floral leaves grouped together. They are listed below:
Calyx: This outermost whorl has four free sepals. In young flowers, the sepals are pale greenish and turn yellowish like the petals as the flower matures. Sepals cover the inner components of growing flowers. The primary function of the calyx is to protect the flower’s inner parts.
Corolla: The second whorl of flower leaves is called the corolla. It has four unattached yellow petals. Its bright yellow colour can draw insects, bees, and butterflies, which promotes pollination or the transit of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma.
Androecium: It is the third whorl of flower leaves and presents within the petals. The androecium comprises six single stamens, the male reproductive parts of the flower. The stamens of the Brassica flower are organised in two rings. There are two short stamens in the outer circle. Four long stamens comprise the inner circle. Each stamen consists of two parts: a swollen upper portion known as the anther and a fragile lower stalk known as the filament.
Gynoecium: This is the fourth whorl, located in the centre of the flower, and it is the innermost whorl. Carpel refers to each component of the gynoecium. The gynoecium generates the female reproductive parts of plants. The fusion of two carpels creates gynoecium in Brassica. There are three significant elements to each carpel. The ovary is the lowest, swollen area. The style of the camel is a slender stalk that extends above the ovary. The stigma is the swollen tip on the style. Numerous ovules that develop into seeds are found in the ovary. An ovary develops into a fruit. Brassica produces dry capsule-shaped fruits.
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