Corpus Luteum
Corpus luteum is a yellow body in the female ovaries that is often considered as the remains of the Graafian follicle. It is an endocrine structure (temporary) that releases progesterone hormone. The yellow colour is due to the presence of carotenoids.
After ovulation, the ovarian follicle forms a temporary structure called the corpus hemorrhagicum. This temporary structure is filled with blood, and it later forms the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum is a large structure that is approximately 2 to 5 cm in diameter.
Corpus Albicans
In the absence of fertilisation, the temporary corpus luteum degenerates. The corpus luteum stops the production of progesterone and degenerates to form a scar tissue called the corpus albicans. The fibroblast and macrophages help break down the corpus luteum into this scar tissue. This degradation process is called luteal regression.
Corpus Albicans is white colour fibrous connective tissue. This tissue does not produce any hormone. Thus, there is an overall drop in estrogen and progesterone levels. This leads to the menstruation process.
Difference between Corpus Luteum and Corpus Albicans
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Corpus Luteum |
Corpus Albicans |
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After ovulation, the ovarian follicle forms the corpus luteum, which is a temporary structure. |
The corpus luteum degenerates or decays to form corpus albicans. |
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It is a yellow-coloured tissue. |
It is white scar tissue. |
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It is a vascular structure that has blood. |
It is avascular and has no blood supply. |
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It is an endocrine structure (temporary) that releases progesterone hormone. |
This tissue does not produce any hormone. |
Also Read: Difference between Estrogen and Progesterone
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the luteal phase?
It is the final stage in menstruation that follows ovulation and leads to the start of the period. An increase in hormone and a decrease in gonadotropins initiate this phase by the formation of the corpus luteum. Later the corpus luteum degenerates (if not fertilised), leading to a decrease in hormones, an increase in gonadotropins (FSH) and shedding of the endometrium.
What is the role of progesterone in menstruation?
The corpus luteum produces the progesterone hormone. It is a steroidal hormone that results in some significant endometrial changes. It prepares the uterus for pregnancy. Thus, it plays a vital role in menstruation and also in the conception process.
What is corpus luteum graviditatis?
If the fertilised egg is implanted, it leads to the production of hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) hormone. This hormone signals the corpus luteum to proceed with the secretion of progesterone. This in turn, maintains the endometrium for the zygote development. At this point, the corpus luteum is termed corpus luteum graviditatis.
Also Refer: Menstrual Cycle
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