Microscopes are tools used to view extremely tiny objects, such as cells and microbes, and provide a contrasted, magnified image. Each of the magnifying lenses used in microscopes has a different level of magnification. It magnifies the specimen following the focal strength of the lens, depending on the type.
A primitive light microscope with only one lens is called a simple microscope. Simple microscopes do not have a condenser. They use natural light and fewer knobs and hooks for adjustability. Compound microscopes, however, contain two adjustment knobs: fine and coarse. In addition, their magnification is higher than that of a simple microscope.
The head, arm, and base are the three essential structural parts.
- The head or body consists of the optical parts in the upper portion of the microscope.
- The arm joins and supports the base and head. It is also used to move the microscope.
- The base of the microscope contains the illuminator and supports the microscope.
The optical parts of the microscope are as follows:
- Eyepiece (ocular)
- Eyepiece tube (eyepiece holder)
- Objective lenses
- Nose piece
- Adjustment knobs (Coarse and Fine)
- Stage
- Aperture
- Microscopic illuminator
- Condenser
- Diaphragm
- Condenser focus knob
- Abbe Condenser
- The rack stop
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