Male Karyotype
Each cell nucleus has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). In that, the 23rd pair determines the sex of an individual. Males have X and Y as their 23rd pair of chromosomes (allosomes). A karyotype is the arrangement of chromosomes contained in the cell nucleus. It unveils the size, number, shape and type of chromosome. It is diagrammatically represented as a karyogram.
This karyotyping is used for diagnostic purposes. Any sex-linked disease can pass through either Y or X chromosomes. Thus, male karyotyping helps to identify such abnormalities.
Female Karyotype
The females have two X chromosomes as their allosomes. This karyotype provides a complete snapshot of the female’s chromosomes. Similar to the male karyotype, they also provide details about the sex chromosome abnormalities. The most common female chromosomal abnormality is Turner’s syndrome. The absence of an X chromosome or the presence of an abnormal X can result in this disease.
Difference between Male and Female Karyotypes
Male Karyotype |
Female Karyotype |
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It denotes the appearance of male chromosomes. |
It denotes the appearance of female chromosomes. |
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The male karyotype shows XY chromosomes as its 23rd pair. |
The 23rd pair of chromosomes in the female karyotype is XX. |
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It is used to determine male sex chromosome abnormalities like Klinefelter syndrome. |
It is used to determine female sex chromosome abnormalities like triple X syndrome and Turner syndrome. |
Also see: Difference between Male and Female DNA
Frequently Asked Questions
What are autosome and allosome?
The allosomes are the 23rd pair of chromosomes that determine the human sex. The male allosomes are XY, and the female allosomes are XX. The remaining 22 pairs are termed autosomes.
How is karyotype done?
Usually, blood cells are used for the karyotype test. These are made to propagate in suitable cell culture. Then the cells are stained (Giemsa stain) during the prometaphase or metaphase stage. Finally, they are observed and photographed. The diagrammatic representation of the chromosomes is called a karyogram or idiogram.
What is the SRY gene?
The SRY (sex-determining Y region) gene provides information for a protein that initiates the male sex determination
Also Read: Difference between Autosomes and Allosomes
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