MSBSHSE Solutions For SSC (Class 10) Science Part 1 Chapter 2 Periodic Classification of Element available here helps students to master the concepts thoroughly and prepare efficiently for their exam. We bring you Maharashtra Board Solutions for Class 10, to facilitate smooth understanding of the concepts of the chapter.
This chapter mainly focuses on the concepts of Periodic Classification of Elements such as Elements and their classification, Dobereiner’s Triads and Mendeleev’s Periodic Table. Concepts such as the Newlands Law of Octaves as well as Modern Periodic Table are also discussed at length in this chapter.
These solutions of MSBSHSE for Class 10 (SSC) are detailed and have step-by-step explanations for the exercises given in the Maharashtra Board Science Textbooks for SSC Part 1. The Maharashtra State Board Solutions for Chapter 2 Science Part 1 can be accessed by students. They can use it as a reference tool to quickly revise all the key topics for the exam. Students can prepare for the exams by studying with the help of these solutions and score good marks.
Maharashtra Board SSC (Class 10) Science Part 1 Chapter 2- BYJU’S Important Questions & Answers
1. Write down the electronic configuration of the 3Li, 14Si, 2He, 11Na, 15P from the given atomic numbers. Which of these elements belongs to the period 3? Answer with explanation.
Ans: The electronic configuration of these elements are as given below:
Electronic configuration of Li is 1s22s1
That of Si is 1s22s22p63s23p2
Electronic configuration for He = 1s2
Electronic Configuration of Na is 1s22s22p63s1
That of P is 1s22s22p63s23p3
From this it is seen that elements Na, Si and P have the same value as the principle quantum number of the outermost shell.
2. Write the name and symbol of the elements from the given descriptions:
(a) The atom having the smallest size
(b) The most electronegative atom
(c) The most reactive non-metal
Answer: (a) Hydrogen is the element with symbol H that has the smallest atom
(b) Fluorine with F symbol is the most electronegative atom
(c) Fluorine with F symbol is also the most reactive non-metal
3. Write short notes on Mendeleev’s periodic law.
Answer: The periodic table was organised by Mendeleev according to the chemical and physical properties of the elements. These were the molecular formula of the hydrides and oxides of the elements, melting points, boiling points and densities of the elements and their hydrides and oxides. Mendeleev determined that the elements with similar physical and chemical properties repeat after a definite interval. So, as per this finding he stated the following periodic law that properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic masses. The vertical columns in the Mendeleev’s periodic table are the groups while the horizontal rows are known as periods.
4. Point out the merits of mendeleev’s periodic table.
Answer: Mendeleev takes into consideration the basic property of elements, namely, the atomic mass, as standard and arranged 63 elements known at that time in an increasing order of their atomic masses. Then, he transformed this into the periodic table of elements in accordance with the physical and chemical properties of these elements. On the basis of the law that the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic masses, to all the known elements, Mendeleev arranged the elements, keeping in mind that the information available till then was not final and it could change. Following this, Mendeleev’s periodic table is said to have the following merits.
1. In order to give the atoms proper place in the periodic table as per their properties, the atomic masses of some elements were revised. For example, the previously determined atomic mass of beryllium, 14.09, was modified to the correct value 9.4, and beryllium was placed before boron.
2. Mendeleev’s periodic table has vacant places to accommodate the elements that are not discovered yet. Three of these unknown elements were eka-boron, eka-aluminium and eka-silicon from the known neighbours with atomic masses 44, 68 and 72, respectively. Not only this, but their properties were also predicted. Later on, these elements were discovered and named as scandium (Sc), gallium (Ga) and germanium (Ge) respectively. The properties of these elements matched well with those predicted by Mendeleev. Due to this success, all were convinced about the importance of Mendeleev’s periodic table and this method of classification of elements was accepted immediately.
3. Meanwhile, Mendeleev’s periodic table did not have a place to include the noble gases like helium, neon or argon. But, later, in the 19th century, when they were discovered, Mendeleev created the zero group where the noble gases fitted very well without any disturbance to the original periodic table.
5. The third period contains only eight elements, even though the electron capacity of the third shell is 18. Why?
Answer: The third period contains only eight elements, even though the electron capacity of the third shell is 18 because after 8 electrons go to the third shell, the next one is added to the fourth shell. Actually, the 3rd shell should contain 18 elements, but as per Aufbau’s principle, electrons should be filled in the abilities according to their increasing order of energies. It is seen that 4s orbital has lower energy than 3d orbital i.e the electrons fill in this order 3s<3p<4s<3d. So, 8 electrons fill the 3s and 3p orbitals then fill the orbital in the 4th shell. So, of the 18 electrons, there are 10 electrons which are found to have a high energy equivalent to the energy of the 4th shell. Hence, these electrons are not counted in the 3rd shell and only 8 electrons are in the 3rd shell, resulting in the 2, 8, 8, 18, electronic configuration.
6. Write the name of the family of metals having valency one and two.
Answer: Alkali metals are the family of metals having valency one, while Alkaline earth metals have valency two.
7. What are Dobereiner’s Triads?
Answer: Dobereiner identified that properties of elements and atomic masses are related. He manufactured groups of three elements, each with similar chemical properties and naming them triads. He arranged the three elements in a triad as per the increasing order of atomic mass and showed that the atomic mass of the middle element was approximately equal to the mean of the atomic masses of the other two elements.
8. What are the limitations to Newland’s Octaves?
Answer: Newlands’ octaves have many limitations. They are as follows:
- The law is applicable only up to calcium
- All known elements are fitted in a table of 7 X 8 that is 56 boxes
- Two elements were place each in some boxes to accommodate all the known elements in the table (For example, Co and Ni, Ce and La)
- Some elements with different properties under the same note in the octave. For example, Newlands placed the metals Co and Ni under the note ‘Do’ along with halogens, while Fe, having similarity with Co and Ni, away from them along with the non-metals O and S under the note ‘Ti’.
- Also, Newlands’ octaves do not have provision to accommodate the newly discovered elements.
- The properties of the new elements discovered later on did not fit in the Newlands’ law of octaves.
9. Position of hydrogen, according to mendeleev’s periodic table.
Answer: Hydrogen has properties similar with halogens (group VII). That is, the molecular formula of hydrogen is Hâ‚‚ while the molecular formulas of fluorine and chlorine are F2 and Cl2, respectively. Meanwhile, the chemical properties of hydrogen and alkali metals (group I) are similar, also a similarity is found in the molecular formulae of the compounds of hydrogen alkali metals (Na, K, etc) formed with chlorine and oxygen. From these observations, it is not possible to decide whether the correct position of hydrogen is in the group of alkali metals (group I) or in the group of halogens (group VII).
10. What is a modern periodic table?
Answer: A modern periodic table is the classification of elements resulting from an arrangement of the elements in an increasing order of their atomic numbers. The properties of elements can now be identified more accurately with the help of the modern periodic table. This table was manufactured on the basis of atomic numbers. The modern periodic table is also called the long form of the periodic table. In the modern periodic table the elements are arranged in accordance with their atomic number.
Meanwhile, the students are recommended to go through all the topics thoroughly. The best resources that the students can find to prepare more effectively for the Maharashtra State Board exam includes the textbooks, question papers, syllabus and so on.
Frequently Asked Questions on Maharashtra State Board Solutions for Class 10 Science Part 1 Chapter 2 Periodic Classification of Element
Where can I get Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Science Part 1 Solutions Chapter 2?
We have provided the solutions as a scrollable PDF, and we have also mentioned the clickable link for the students to access. Meanwhile, the questions and the solutions are also available online on our webpage.
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