During the process of evolution, the formation of new and distinct species is defined as speciation. New species form by two major mechanisms viz sympatric speciation and allopatric speciation. Allopatric speciation is also known as geographical speciation. The difference in environmental factors causes the change in allopatric speciation. In sympatric speciation, the evolution of new species takes place from a single ancestral species. Here we are discussing various differences between allopatric and sympatric speciation.
Also Read: Anagenesis
Difference Between Allopatric And Sympatric Speciation
| Allopatric Speciation | Sympatric Speciation |
| Define | |
| The physical isolation of the population due to the extrinsic barrier is called allopatric speciation | The evolution of new species from one ancestral species living in the same habitat is called sympatric speciation |
| Differentiation mechanism | |
| Natural selection | Polyploidy or changes in feeding pattern, etc. |
| Takes place through geographic isolation | |
| Yes | No |
| Emerging new species speed | |
| Slow | Fast |
| Example | |
| Squirrels in the Grand Canyon, Darwin’s Finches, etc. | Examples include wheat, cultivated corn, tobacco, etc. |
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Further Reading:
| Darwins Contribution Theory Evolution |
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